Table 2.

Pregnancy outcomes by SLE clinical disease activity and complement based on measurements made during each trimester. Only women observed during the trimester of pregnancy under study were included in each group.

	Low-activity SLE		High-activity SLE		p
	Normal C3/C4 (%)	Low C3/C4 (%)	Normal C3/C4 (%)	Low C3/C4 (%)	Compares All 4 Groups	Compares Low and High Activity	Compares Low and Normal Complement
First trimester
N	84	68	4	8
Fetal loss	12 (14)	10 (15)	1 (25)	4 (50)	0.57	0.05	0.55
Preterm^*	25 (35)	27 (47)	1 (33)	3 (75)	Too few^**	Too few^**	0.11
SGA^†	13 (18)	7 (12)	1 (33)	2 (50)	Too few^**	Too few^**	0.50
Second trimester
N	118	76	13	16
Fetal loss	7 (6)	7 (9)	0 (0)	6 (38)	0.05	0.019	0.021
Preterm^*	36 (32)	26 (38)	9 (69)	9 (90)	0.004	0.0003	0.27
SGA^†	25 (23)	12 (17)	8 (23)	1 (10)	0.59	0.71	0.31
Third trimester
N	112	71	17	13
Fetal loss	0	1 (1)	2 (12)	1 (8)	Too few^**	Too few^**	Too few^**
Preterm^*	39 (35)	27 (39)	7 (47)	8 (67)	0.24	0.059	0.35
SGA^†	27 (25)	12 (17)	5 (35)	3 (25)	0.55	0.36	0.26

↵* Percentages are of live births that were preterm (delivered prior to 37 weeks gestation).
↵** Too few fetal losses to allow statistical analysis.
↵† Small for gestational age: birth weight < 10th percentile for gestational age. SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus.