Subject characteristics by hip OA status (data are mean ± SD).
| Disease Status | n (%) | Age, yrs | BMI | Smoking† | Endurance Exercise†† | Resistance Exercise†† | Sport Exercise†† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy* | 251 (72.8) | 49.7 ± 7.4 | 25.8 ± 3.1 | 13.7 ± 16.7 | 1.94 ± 2.72 | 0.07 ± 0.32 | 2.54 ± 2.83 |
| Affected** | 94 (26.4) | 51.2 ± 7.3 | 25.8 ± 3.3 | 12.8 ± 16.6 | 1.73 ± 2.04 | 0.05 ± 0.35 | 2.34 ± 2.28 |
| Total | 345 (100) | 50.1 ± 7.4 | 25.8 ± 3.2 | 13.4 ± 16.6 | 1.88 ± 2.55 | 0.06 ± 0.32 | 2.48 ± 2.68 |
↵* MRI images in both hips normal (grade 0).
↵** At least 1 hip graded as 1–4: 1 = small local osteophytes in caput or acetabulum; 2 = osteophytes in 2 or more locations and subchondral signal loss and/or individual subchondral changes; 3 = same as class 2 with incipient deformation of caput/acetabulum deformation, wider or several cysts; 4 = significant deformation of bone structure, malposition, and subchondral or paraarticular changes (increase in T2 signal intensity, loose bodies).
↵† Pack-years at baseline.
↵†† Mean weighted frequency per week of exercise after age 20 years. BMI: body mass index; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging.