Table 4.

Fetal complications (including only live births). P values are obtained from generalized estimating equations model, adjusting for repeated measures (using autoregressive correlation structure) for multiple pregnancies in the same mother.

Complication	Nonrenal Pregnancies, n = 67 (%)	Renal Pregnancies, n = 47 (%)	p
Low birth weight	13 (20.3)	18 (46.2)	0.01
Perinatal death	2 (3.0)	1 (2.1)	0.87
Congenital malformations	0 (0)	3 (6.4)^*	0.05^**
Neonatal lupus	3 (4.5)	1 (2.1)	0.57
Fever/sepsis	1 (1.5)	0 (0)	1.00^**
Fetal distress	3 (4.5)	1 (2.1)	0.51
Births with complications	21 (31.3)	21 (46.7)	0.15

↵* One infant with cleft lip, 1 infant with cleft lip/palate, facial palsy, and visual/hearing impairment, and 1 infant with bilateral 2nd and 3rd toe syndactyly.
↵** Regression not possible due to “0” in one of the group. Fisher’s exact test.