Characteristics of studies. Values are N (%). Numbers are rounded to the nearest digit; total may add up to > 100, since many trials had > 1 type of intervention.
| All, n = 196 | 1997, n = 7 | 2006, n = 129 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Body part | |||
| Upper extremity | |||
| Shoulder | 3 (2) | 0 | 3 (2) |
| Elbow | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.5) | 0 |
| Hand | 3 (2) | 1 (0.5) | 2 (1) |
| Lower extremity | |||
| Hip | 100 (51) | 43 (22) | 57 (29) |
| Knee | 99 (51) | 32 (16) | 67 (34) |
| Foot | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 1 (0.5) |
| Long bones | 3 (2) | 0 | 3 (2) |
| No. of centers | |||
| Single center | 70 (36) | 27 (40) | 43 (33) |
| Multicenter | 37 (19) | 15 (22) | 22 (17) |
| Unclear | 89 (45) | 25 (37) | 63 (49) |
| No. of patients | |||
| ≤ 50 | 69 (35) | 25 (13) | 44 (22) |
| 51–100 | 66 (34) | 18 (9) | 48 (25) |
| 201–500 | 16 (8) | 7 (4) | 9 (5) |
| > 500 | 14 (7) | 5 (3) | 9 (5) |
| Type of study | |||
| Original | 183 (94) | 64 (96) | 119 (92) |
| Followup/subgroup | 13 (6) | 3 (2) | 10 (5) |
| Type of intervention | |||
| Pharmacological | 79 (40) | 32 (48) | 47 (36) |
| Oral medications | 22 (11) | 7 (10) | 15 (8) |
| Intramuscular/subcutaneous/nerve block | 3 (1) | 0 | 3 (2) |
| Intravenous | 22 (11) | 9 (5) | 13 (7) |
| Intraarticular | 40 (20) | 20 (10) | 20 (10) |
| Nonpharmacological | 130 (66) | 37 (19) | 93 (47) |
| Surgery | 80 (40) | 14 (7) | 66 (34) |
| Arthroscopy/joint lavage | 2 (1) | 0 | 2 (1) |
| Rehabilitation/physiotherapy | 17 (9) | 5 (3) | 12 (6) |
| Behavioral intervention | 3 (2) | 0 | 3 (2) |
| Education | 3 (2) | 0 | 3 (2) |
| Other* | 30 (15) | 18 (9) | 12 (6) |
| Funding support | |||
| No information provided | 100 (50) | 46 (69) | 54 (42) |
| None | 21 (11) | 3 (5) | 18 (14) |
| Private | 62 (31) | 18 (27) | 44 (34) |
| Private and public | 4 (2) | 0 | 4 (3) |
| Public | 9 (5) | 0 | 9 (7) |
| Type of journal | |||
| Orthopedics/surgery | 125 (64) | 38 (57) | 87 (67) |
| Other/rehabilitation | 10 (6) | 14 (20) | 20 (16) |
| Anesthesia | 34 (17) | 13 (19) | 14 (11) |
| Internal medicine | 27 (14) | 2 (3) | 9 (6) |
↵* Includes diet, ultrasound, electrical stimulation, drainage, irradiation, navigation system, implants, wound dressings, etc.