RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Proliferative lupus nephritis and leukocytoclastic vasculitis during treatment with etanercept. JF The Journal of Rheumatology JO J Rheumatol FD The Journal of Rheumatology SP 740 OP 743 VO 32 IS 4 A1 Adam Mor A1 Clifton Bingham, 3rd A1 Laura Barisoni A1 Eileen Lydon A1 H Michael Belmont YR 2005 UL http://www.jrheum.org/content/32/4/740.abstract AB Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a proinflammatory cytokine. Agents that neutralize TNF-alpha are effective in the treatment of disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), spondyloarthropathies, and inflammatory bowel disease. TNF-alpha antagonist therapy has been associated with the development of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies, as well as the infrequent development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like disease. We describe the first case of biopsy-confirmed proliferative lupus nephritis and leukocytoclastic vasculitis in a patient treated with etanercept for JRA.