PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Mihir D. Wechalekar
AU  - Ophir Vinik
AU  - John H.Y. Moi
AU  - Francisca Sivera
AU  - Irene A.A.M. van Echteld
AU  - Caroline van Durme
AU  - Louise Falzon
AU  - Claire Bombardier
AU  - Loreto Carmona
AU  - Daniel Aletaha
AU  - Robert B. Landewé
AU  - Désirée M.F.M. van der Heijde
AU  - Rachelle Buchbinder
TI  - The Efficacy and Safety of Treatments for Acute Gout: Results from a Series of Systematic Literature Reviews Including Cochrane Reviews on Intraarticular Glucocorticoids, Colchicine, Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs, and Interleukin-1 Inhibitors
AID  - 10.3899/jrheum.140458
DP  - 2014 Sep 01
TA  - The Journal of Rheumatology
PG  - 15--25
VI  - 92
4099  - http://www.jrheum.org/content/92/15.short
4100  - http://www.jrheum.org/content/92/15.full
SO  - J Rheumatol2014 Sep 01; 92
AB  - Objective. To determine the efficacy and safety of glucocorticoids (GC), colchicine, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID), interleukin-1 (IL-1) inhibitors, and paracetamol to treat acute gout.Methods. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to September 2011. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) or quasi-RCT in adults with acute gout that compared GC, colchicine, NSAID, IL-1 inhibitors, and paracetamol to no treatment, placebo, another intervention, or combination therapy were included. Two authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias. Primary endpoints were pain and adverse events. Data were pooled where appropriate.Results. Twenty-six trials evaluating GC (N = 5), NSAID (N = 21), colchicine (N = 2), and canakinumab (N = 1) were included. No RCT assessed paracetamol or intraarticular (IA) GC. No RCT compared systemic GC with placebo. Moderate quality evidence (3 trials) concluded that systemic GC were as effective as NSAID but safer. Low quality evidence (1 trial) showed that both high- and low-dose colchicine were more effective than placebo, and low-dose colchicine was no different to placebo with respect to safety but safer than high-dose colchicine. Low quality evidence (1 trial) showed no difference between NSAID and placebo with regard to pain or inflammation. No NSAID was superior to another. Moderate quality evidence (1 trial) found that 150 mg canakinumab was more effective than a single dose of intramuscular GC (40 mg triamcinolone) and equally safe.Conclusion. GC, NSAID, low-dose colchicine, and canakinumab all effectively treat acute gout. There was insufficient evidence to rank them. Systemic GC appeared safer than NSAID and lower-dose colchicine was safer than higher-dose colchicine.