RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 The Definition and Measurement of Axial Psoriatic Arthritis JF The Journal of Rheumatology JO J Rheumatol FD The Journal of Rheumatology SP 40 OP 42 DO 10.3899/jrheum.150634 VO 93 A1 Ennio Lubrano A1 Wendy Joanne Parsons A1 Antonio Marchesoni A1 Ignazio Olivieri A1 Salvatore D’Angelo A1 Alberto Cauli A1 Francesco Caso A1 Luisa Costa A1 Raffaele Scarpa A1 Luca Brunese YR 2015 UL http://www.jrheum.org/content/93/40.abstract AB This review seeks to update the state of the art of axial psoriatic arthritis (axPsA). The definition and assessment of axPsA can be problematic because no agreement and no definitive data on this topic have been published, resulting in uncertainty as to the best approach to deal with these patients. A few recent scientific reports show new data on the possible coincidence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and axPsA, as well as on the radiological assessment as measured with the validated instruments for axPsA. Moreover, the role of magnetic resonance imaging has also been evaluated for this intriguing subset. All data confirmed that radiological assessment is a useful tool to detect typical findings of axPsA, while other imaging techniques remain to be validated. Finally, there is no evidence to support treatment of axPsA with traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, while a “leap” to biologic agents is the only treatment after failure with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.