PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - José Antonio  Vargas-Hitos
AU  - José Mario  Sabio
AU  - Isabel Martínez-Egea
AU  - Enrique Jiménez-Jáimez
AU  - Manuel Rodriguez-Guzmán
AU  - Nuria Navarrete-Navarrete
AU  - Esther López-Lozano
AU  - Ángela Romero-Alegría
AU  - Cristina de la  Calle
AU  - Laura Jáimez-Gámiz
AU  - Pilar Baños-Piñero
AU  - Fernando Nebrera-Navarro
AU  - Alba Fidalgo
AU  - Luis Caminal
AU  - Enrique  de Ramón Garrido
AU  - Norberto Ortego-Centeno
AU  - Manuela Expósito
AU  - Mónica Zamora-Pasadas
AU  - Juan Jiménez-Alonso
TI  - Influence of Psychological Stress on Headache in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
AID  - 10.3899/jrheum.130535
DP  - 2014 Feb 01
TA  - The Journal of Rheumatology
PG  - jrheum.130535
4099  - http://www.jrheum.org/content/early/2014/01/29/jrheum.130535.short
4100  - http://www.jrheum.org/content/early/2014/01/29/jrheum.130535.full
AB  - Objective To compare the prevalence and disability of headache in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with the general population and to assess the role of chronic psychological stress (CPS) in headache development. Methods One hundred seventy patients with SLE and 102 control subjects matched for age, sex, and level of education were included in this multicenter, cross-sectional study. CPS, headache-related disability, and chronic analgesic intake (CAI) were evaluated in all participants. Results No statistical differences in the prevalence of headache between both groups were observed but headache disability was significantly higher in patients with SLE. In addition, a higher average score in the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS) and a higher prevalence of patients with CAI were observed in patients with SLE. In multivariate analysis, CPSS score was positively (OR 1.09; 95% CI: 1.03–1.14; p = 0.001) and CAI negatively (OR 0.43; 95% CI: 0.19–0.99; p = 0.049) associated with headache in patients with SLE. Conclusion Despite the prevalence of headache in patients with SLE and the general population being similar, headache-related disability may be higher in patients with SLE. Moreover, CPS might play a role in the pathogenesis of SLE headache, whereas CAI might have a protective effect against it.