RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Modifiable Factors Associated with Allopurinol Adherence and Outcomes Among Patients with Gout in an Integrated Healthcare System JF The Journal of Rheumatology JO J Rheumatol FD The Journal of Rheumatology SP 504 OP 512 DO 10.3899/jrheum.140588 VO 42 IS 3 A1 Nazia Rashid A1 Brian W. Coburn A1 Yi-Lin Wu A1 T. Craig Cheetham A1 Jeffrey R. Curtis A1 Kenneth G. Saag A1 Ted R. Mikuls YR 2015 UL http://www.jrheum.org/content/42/3/504.abstract AB Objective. To identify modifiable patient and provider factors associated with allopurinol adherence and the achievement of a serum urate acid (SUA) goal in gout. Methods. We identified a retrospective cohort of patients with gout, newly treated with allopurinol. All patient data came from administrative datasets at a large integrated health delivery system. Patients were ≥ 18 years old at time of initial allopurinol dispensing, and had 12 months or more of membership and drug eligibility prior to the index date. Allopurinol adherence was defined as a proportion of days covered ≥ 0.80, evaluated during the first 12 months of observation after the initial dispensing. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with allopurinol nonadherence and attaining an SUA concentration < 6.0 mg/dl. Results. We identified 13,341 patients with gout with incident allopurinol use (mean age 60 yrs, 78% men). Of these, 9581 patients (72%) had SUA measured both at baseline and during followup. Only 3078 patients (32%) attained an SUA target of < 6.0 mg/dl during followup. Potentially modifiable factors associated with treatment adherence and obtaining the SUA goal in the multivariable analysis included concomitant diuretic use, prescriber specialty, and allopurinol dosing practices. Adherent patients were 2.5-fold more likely than nonadherent patients to achieve an SUA < 6.0 mg/dl during observation. Conclusion. Among patients with gout initiating allopurinol in our study, 68% did not reach the SUA goal and 57% of patients were nonadherent. Modifiable factors, including allopurinol dose escalation, treatment adherence, rheumatology referral, and concomitant medication use, could be important factors to consider in efforts aimed at optimizing gout treatment outcomes.