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Research ArticleOsteoarthritis

Validation of the Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain Questionnaire in Patients with Hand Osteoarthritis: Results from the Nor-Hand Study

Marthe Gløersen, Pernille Steen Pettersen, Tore K. Kvien and Ida K. Haugen
The Journal of Rheumatology June 2019, 46 (6) 645-651; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.180835
Marthe Gløersen
From the Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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  • For correspondence: marthe.gl@hotmail.com
Pernille Steen Pettersen
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Tore K. Kvien
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Ida K. Haugen
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Abstract

Objective. To examine the validity of a modified Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain (ICOAP) questionnaire for assessment of pain in hand osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods. The modified ICOAP-hand questionnaire was administered to 300 patients [89% female, median (interquartile range) age: 61 (57–66) yrs] in the Nor-Hand observational cohort study. The questionnaire was completed twice by 31 patients and test-retest reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for sum scores and weighted κ scores for individual items. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and item-total correlations. Correlations between the ICOAP-hand questionnaire, the Australian/Canadian Hand OA Index (AUSCAN) hand pain subscale, and pain on a numerical rating scale (NRS) were analyzed using Spearman correlation analyses.

Results. We found a substantial overlap between constant and intermittent pain (46% reporting constant + intermittent pain and 33% reporting no pain). Test-retest reliability analysis of ICOAP-hand showed an ICC of 0.89 for the total scale and weighted κ values between 0.39–0.70 for the individual items. Principal component analysis revealed one component with an eigenvalue of 7.9, explaining 72% of the total variance. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient values > 0.93 and strong item-total correlations proved high internal consistency. ICOAP-hand was strongly correlated with NRS hand pain and the AUSCAN pain subscale.

Conclusion. ICOAP-hand is a reliable pain index that correlates with other available pain questionnaires. However, our results indicate that constant and intermittent pain do not represent separate constructs in hand OA, questioning the usefulness of the 2 subscales. [ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03083548]

Key Indexing Terms:
  • OSTEOARTHRITIS
  • HAND
  • PAIN
  • OUTCOME ASSESSMENT

Footnotes

  • The Nor-Hand study was supported by grants from the South Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority, Jan A. Pahles Foundation, Simon Fougner Hartmanns Family Foundation, and Trygve Gythfeldt’s Research Foundation. The funding sources had no involvement in data analyses and reporting of results.

  • Accepted for publication December 3, 2018.
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The Journal of Rheumatology
Vol. 46, Issue 6
1 Jun 2019
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Validation of the Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain Questionnaire in Patients with Hand Osteoarthritis: Results from the Nor-Hand Study
Marthe Gløersen, Pernille Steen Pettersen, Tore K. Kvien, Ida K. Haugen
The Journal of Rheumatology Jun 2019, 46 (6) 645-651; DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.180835

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Validation of the Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain Questionnaire in Patients with Hand Osteoarthritis: Results from the Nor-Hand Study
Marthe Gløersen, Pernille Steen Pettersen, Tore K. Kvien, Ida K. Haugen
The Journal of Rheumatology Jun 2019, 46 (6) 645-651; DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.180835
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Keywords

OSTEOARTHRITIS
HAND
PAIN
OUTCOME ASSESSMENT

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